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Building Applets
Like applications, applets are created from classes. However, applets do not have a main method as an entry point, but instead, have several methods to control specific aspects of applet execution.
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APPLETS POWER THE CLIENT
Like applications, applets are created from classes. However, applets do not have a main method as an entry point, but instead, have several methods to control specific aspects of applet execution.
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Writing Applets
Directly or indirectly, this trail covers everything you need to know to write a Java applet. Because applets can use almost all of the Java API, this trail mentions many features that are explained elsewhere. Feel free to cross over to other trails to learn about the features that interest you. Once you're ready to write an applet, you can return to this trail to find out how the applet environment affects the features you want to use.
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Applet Power!
So, you want your network application to number crunch like Einstein and paint like Picasso? Well, let the Web be your canvas and JavaTM technology-based applets be your brush.
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Personal Applet Power!
According to Wired's HotBot search engine, as of December, 1997, almost 700,000 Internet Web pages contain one or more Java applets.
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Writing Applets
Directly or indirectly, this trail covers everything you need to know to write a Java applet. Because applets can use almost all of the Java API, this trail mentions many features that are explained elsewhere.
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Applets: Still essential to Java How do applets fit into the big picture now?
Applets were supposed to revolutionize the Web, but their use has diminished significantly. What's the problem? And what will it take to make them successful?
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Applications, applets, and hybrids
Java 101 is evolving. Under new authorship, this column will continue to take you on an incredible journey into the world of Java -- a journey that you will not soon forget! This transition article establishes our bearings and sets sail to the land of applications, applets, and hybrids (an unusual category of Java programs).
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Study guide: Applications, applets, and hybrids
The Java 101 study guides are evolving documents -- they change periodically. For example, if you submit a question long after Jeff posts the relevant study guide, your question and his answer will eventually make its way onto that guide. Furthermore, from time to time, he will post additional examples and other material that clarifies an article's topic, so be sure to revisit the study guides periodically.
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Java Tip 101: An alternative way for applet-to-applet communication
You might think that your only option for letting applets communicate with each other is to use the getApplet method. Unfortunately, the getApplet method only returns applets on the same HTML page as the calling applet, limiting the ways you can build interesting interfaces with applet-to-applet communication. This tip shows you an alternative way to let applets invoke methods on each other when they're located in different frames or even in different browser windows.
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JDK 1.2 breaks the Java sound barrier
The recent versions of JDK (above 1.1) have overcome serious limitations in terms of audio capabilities. JDK 1.2 has extended its audio support from the low quality .au format only to encompass all high-quality audio formats such as .wave. In this article, Samudra Gupta discusses how to implement those audio formats through applets and presents the communication possibilities between JavaScript and Java 2 applets.
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Sun investigates Java security flaw in Netscape browser
Sun Microsystems is investigating a security flaw that has popped up involving the use of Java in Netscape's Navigator browser.
The bug, known as Brown Orifice (BO), makes use of Netscape's Java implementation to let an unsigned Java applet read and dispense files from a user's computer.
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The applet constructor
To write an applet, you must first subclass the Applet class. The Applet class is just like any other class; therefore, an applet constructor is simply the subclass constructor of the Applet class.
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Tip 80: Resize applets within browser frames
Many n-tier architectures deploy applets as a GUI frontend for applications. Frequently, the browser then acts as the applet's frame. This helps prevent the user from assuming that the browser window is a separate application and accidentally closing it.
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How to write a Java Card applet: A developer's guide
Java Card technology provides the smallest Java platform for memory-constrained devices like smart cards. Zhiqun Chen provides a step-by-step guide to the programming concepts and APIs programmers should use when developing Java Card applets, wrapping up with an example applet written in Java.
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Convert a Java app into an applet (June 24, 1999)
Transforming a Java application to an applet can be either simple or difficult, depending on the requirements. At a minimum, every applet requires that at least one HTML page refer to it with suitable parameters; a Java-enabled browser to display that HTML page is needed as well.
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How to write OpenCard card services for Java Card applets
OpenCard provides an API that allows different card readers, different platforms, and different Java Cards (as well as non-Java Cards) to be used by the same Java code with no change. With OpenCard you can run Java smart card applications in your office, on your set-top, and on your personal data assistant -- and, of course, on Windows platforms as well.
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Restricted-channel multicast in Java
This article describes the modifications made to an existing multicast application during research and development at Sun Microsystems. The goal was to convert an application bundled with Java Reliable Multicast Service (JRMS) to something we are calling a restricted-channel system.
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Java Tip 59: Applet parameterization -- initializing arrays
Parameterizing an applet is often a tedious chore, involving many repetitive lines of code in the applet's init() method. Last month, Java tipster Yvon Sauvageau showed you how to reduce all those lines of code to just one, thanks to the class reflection mechanism. He did not, however, demonstrate how to implement array initialization. This tip shows you the ins and outs of automating array initialization
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Java Tip 57: Applet parameterization via class reflection
Parameterizing an applet is usually a tedious chore, involving many repetitive lines of code in the applet's init() method. But all these lines can be replaced by a single one. This tip shows you how it can be done, thanks to the class reflection mechanism.
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Improve your programs with practical audio
Used judiciously, audio can be a useful addition to even the most practical Java apps. In this article, author Dan Becker details three ways to produce sound in Java applications and applets: Using the Applet class with the play method; using the AudioClip class with the play, loop, and stop methods; and using the AudioStream class with the play, loop, stop, and restart methods.
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Java Tip 53: So what browser is this, anyway?
The Java runtime environment your code runs in holds many secrets -- not the least of which is the name of the browser currently running your applet. Find out how to unlock the secrets of the runtime with this simple tip.
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Java Tip 53: So what browser is this, anyway?
The Java runtime environment your code runs in holds many secrets -- not the least of which is the name of the browser currently running your applet. Find out how to unlock the secrets of the runtime with this simple tip.
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Designing a cross-platform look and feel with Java
An important piece of the "Write Once, Run Anywhere" puzzle is creating the GUI for your Java applets and applications. The ability to design the interface for your app once -- and run it anywhere -- offers relief to developers concerned about running Java apps on Windows, the Macintosh, Unix GUIs, and other platforms. JavaSoft experts at the JavaOne Java Developer Conference offered tips and techniques for getting out of the native platform design trap and exploiting the full potential of Java GUI design.
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Write your own threaded discussion forum Part 1
Forum, discussion group, bulletin board, a rose by any other name. Discussion forum software makes a handy addition to any site that wishes to provide asynchronous discussion capability for its users. This installment of Java Step by Step walks through the process of a designing and writing Interchange, a simple multi-topic discussion system with a few basic security features. The discussion is in two parts. In this month's edition we'll spec out the system and build the client. Next month we'll finish up the client-side networking, build the server, and deploy the system.
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Write your own threaded discussion forum: The communications and server components, part 2
Talk Java junk on JavaWorld's forum!
In last month's Step By Step column, we explored the innerworkings of the Interchange client, a simple multi-topic Web-based discussion system implemented in Java. This month, we continue our discussion with an in-depth look at the client's networking code and the Java server for the system.
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Release your inner poet: Use servlets to create a collaborative poetry app
The Internet can be a lonely place: lots of people, surfing the same Web sites at the same time, without ever getting to know each other. In this month's installment of Step by Step, we'll work to inject some community into the Web. Our medium? Networked, collaborative, poetry. Our technology? Servlets.
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Hostile Applets Home Page
These simple Java applets were created in order to point out the potential for downloading hostile applets
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Developing an Applet based Sender/Receiver using MQSeries
The Example below, demonstrates developing an Applet based Server and Receiver for sending and receiving messages using IBM's MQSeries product.
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Animation in Java applets
Many Java applets perform animation, whether it's the classic, cartoon-style animation of Duke waving, program-generated lines such as flowing sine waves, or simply moving static images across the screen. No comprehensive, direct-manipulation tools exist (yet) for creating Java animations. So it's up to the applet programmer to do all the hard work.
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Using Applets with WebLogic Server
This section discusses the pros and cons of using applets and provides an overview of applet functionality. BEA supports the use of applets in limited cases and this document provides other options to help you evaluate your use of applets. For those of you who are working with systems that utilize applets with BEA WebLogic Server outside of our recommended best practices, links are provided to the Sun site for your support.
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Overview of Applets
This lesson discusses the parts of an applet.
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The Anatomy of an Applet
Now that you've seen a Java applet, you're probably wondering how it works. Remember that a Java applet is a program that adheres to a set of conventions that allows it to run within a Java-compatible browser.
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APPLETS
An applet is a program written in the JavaTM programming language that can be included in an HTML page, much in the same way an image is included. When you use a Java technology-enabled browser to view a page that contains an applet, the applet's code is transferred to your system and executed by the browser's Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
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